Coping and social support as moderators: Relationship between financial threat and negative psychological outcomes
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Connects with: @aslund2014 @butterworth2009 @marjanovic2013
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viseu2021 - p. 2229
Age moderated the relationship between financial threat and stress
Note: key findings
viseu2021 - p. 2231
The present study was performed during a financial crisis that affected numerous European countries, namely those from southern Europe.
viseu2021 - p. 2232
Financial Threat This construct was assessed by the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) which presents six items (e.g., How uncertain do you feel?) with a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 – Not at all to 5 – Extremely uncertain.
viseu2021 - p. 2232
Negative Psychological Outcomes Stress, anxiety, and depression were examined by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item version (DASS-21). This scale possesses 21 items (e.g., I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything.) and a four-point response scale, ranging from 0 – Did not apply to me at all to 3 – Applied to me very much, or most of the time – Almost always. Each dimension of DASS-21 is composed by seven items (Lovibond and Lovibond 1995; Pais-Ribeiro et al. 2004).
viseu2021 - p. 2232
Moderating Variables Coping and social support were assessed by the Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI) (Greenglass et al. 1999) and the Informational, Practical, and Emotional Support (IPES), respectively (Greenglass et al. 1996; Jesus et al. 1996). PCI possesses 14 items (e.g., After attaining a goal, I look for another, more challenging one.) with a four-point scale, ranging from 1 – Not at all true to 4 Completely true, and analyzes how individuals react in the presence of a stressful situation (Greenglass et al. 1999; Jesus et al. 2016)
viseu2021 - p. 2232
IPES presents nine items (e.g., How much advice or guidance do people give you that you find helpful.) organized in a four-point scale, ranging from 1 – Not at all to 4 – Very much (Greenglass et al. 1996). This scale examines how support sources interact in order to reduce the incidence of ill-being (Greenglass et al. 1996).
viseu2021 - p. 2234
Regarding the estimation of the proposed model, the absolute fit evaluation revealed a high and statistically significant Chisquared value (χ2 = 1724.515; p = .000), demonstrating a significant difference between the predicted and actual models.
viseu2021 - p. 2234
Since this is an expected result in large sample sizes, other absolute fit indexes were observed (Table 2, column (1)). With this objective, the GFI and RMSEA indexes were analyzed registering a value of .901 and .041, respectively, suggesting a good absolute fit (GFI > .90; RMSEA < .05). The incremental and parsimonious adjustment results showed a good (AGFI > .80; χ2/df < 5) to very good model (IFI, TLI, and CFI > .90; PCFI > .80).
viseu2021 - p. 2237
the only path estimate which was significantly different between the two age groups was the link between financial threat and stress: β1 (< 37): 0.423 (p = .000); β1 (≥ 37): .318 (p = .000); p (difference) = .031. In sum, H5 was partially supported.