The Associations of Financial Stress and Parenting Support Factors with Alcohol Behaviors During Young Adulthood
Thoughts
Connects with: @peirce1996
Annotations
serido2014 - p. 339
Young adulthood is conceptualized as a transition period during which accepting responsibility for oneself, making independent decisions, and achieving financial independence from parents hold distinct value
serido2014 - p. 339
Financial stress may precipitate poorer adult outcomes, including increased risk of alcohol misuse. The quality of parenting support available during this period, however, may facilitate more positive adult outcomes.
serido2014 - p. 340
hile alcohol consumption overall may decrease during recessions due to less purchasing power, heavy drinking particularly may be stress-induced and emerge as a way to cope with financial stress (e.g., Rice and Van Arsdale 2010).
serido2014 - p. 340
Whereas financial stress may increase alcohol behaviors among young adults, it is possible that parenting support factors may reduce incidence of alcohol behaviors.
serido2014 - p. 341
This study relied on data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (referred to as Add Health), the most comprehensive prospective study following adolescents into young adulthood in the US. The sampling frame of the Add Health study included all high schools in the US, as well as their largest feeder schools. At wave 1, more than 20,000 adolescents in grades 7–12 were participants in the in-home survey (Harris et al. 2008).
serido2014 - p. 342
In this study, wave 3 will be referred to as Time 1 (T1), the first data collection time point and wave 4 will be referred to as Time 2 (T2), the second data collection time point 5 years later.
serido2014 - p. 342
The study assessed three measures of alcohol behaviors collected at both T1 and T2. Alcohol use was assessed by summing the responses to two questions: During the past 12 months, on how many days did you drink alcohol? (0 = never, 6 = every day or almost every day), Think of all the times you have had a drink during the past 12 months. How many drinks did you usually have each time? A ‘drink’ is a glass of wine, a can of beer, a wine cooler, a shot glass of liquor, or a mixed drink (range = 0–12 at T1 and T2).
serido2014 - p. 342
Heavy drinking was assessed by summing the responses to two questions: Over the past 12 months, on how many days did you drink five or more drinks in a row? Over the past 12 months, on how many days have you gotten drunk or ‘very, very high’ on alcohol? (0 = never, 6 = every day or almost every day) (range = 0–6 at T1 and T2).
serido2014 - p. 342
Problematic drinking, referring to occasions when alcohol use interfered with daily routines or relationships, was assessed by summing the responses to two questions: During the past 12 months, how often did you have problems at school or work 7,159 because you had been drinking? During the past 12 months, how often did you have problems with your friends because of your drinking? (0 = never; 1 = 1 time, 2 = more than 1 time) (T1 range = 0–4; T2 range = 0–2)
serido2014 - p. 343
two index measures were constructed, summing dichotomous responses (0 = no; 1 = yes) to a series of questions: Financial strain, assessed participants’ inability to meet current financial obligations, as an index of three questions: In the past 12 months, was there a time when [you were/your household was]: Without telephone service for any reason? Did not pay the full amount of the rent or mortgage because you did not have enough money? Did not pay the full amount of gas, electricity, or oil bill because you did not have enough money? (T1 range = 0–3).
serido2014 - p. 343
Lack of financial access, construed as an indicator of economic disadvantage (Johnson and Sherraden 2007) assessed participants’ access to mainstream financial systems (banked vs. unbanked status), as an index of three questions: Do you have a checking account? Do you have a credit card? Do you have a savings account? The index was reversed so that higher values indicated less access to financial services (i.e., economic disadvantage) (T1 range = 0–2). The third measure, Public assistance, assessing financial hardship, was measured by a single item (Mack et al. 2007): Have you ever received any public assistance or welfare payments other than food stamps? (1 = yes; 0 = no).
serido2014 - p. 343
The study relied on three T1 measures to assess parenting support factors with young adult offspring. The first single item measure, Living at home, designated participants who co-resided with their parents (1 = yes; 0 = no), and is construed as tangible support (i.e., reduces or eliminates young adults’ housing expenses) Relationship with parents (adapted from Caldwell et al. 2006), construed as emotional support, represented the mean of three statements about relationship quality with mothers and fathers: You enjoy doing things with your mother/father, Most of the time he/she is warm and loving toward you (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree), How close do you feel to your mother/father (1 = not close at all; 5 = extremely close). The third measure, Financial support, representing financial support received from parents, was measured by participants’ response to a single question: Please give an estimate of this financial help in the past
serido2014 - p. 343
12 months. Include money given directly to you and the cost of significant items bought for you by your mother/ father (1 = less than 1,000 or more).
serido2014 - p. 343
The first regression equation estimated the concurrent influence (T1) of parenting support factors and financial stress on levels of alcohol behaviors. The second regression equation estimated the association of T1 parenting support factors and T1 financial stress on prospective (T2) levels of alcohol behaviors. The third and final regression estimated the association of T1 parenting support factors and T1 financial stress in predicting increases in young adult alcohol behaviors at T2 (i.e., controlling for T1 levels of alcohol behaviors).
serido2014 - p. 346
0.02
serido2014 - p. 346
0.02
serido2014 - p. 346
0.04*
serido2014 - p. 346
0.02
serido2014 - p. 346
0.04
serido2014 - p. 346
0.01
serido2014 - p. 346
.02
serido2014 - p. 346
0.00
serido2014 - p. 346
0.00