Financial Stress, Shaming Experiences and Psychosocial Ill-Health: Studies into the Finances-Shame Model
Thoughts
Connects with: @elder1988
Annotations
starrin2009 - p. 283
The aim of the present study is to test the so-called Finances-Shame model on the prevalence of psychosocial ill-health. The Finances-Shame model was originally developed in order to better understand why unemployment might be an affliction for some people, but not for others (Starrin et al. 1997; Rantakeisu et al. 1999; Starrin and Jo ̈nsson 2006).
starrin2009 - p. 284
The terms used in these studies are variously referred to as ‘‘economic/financial stress’’, ‘‘economic/financial hardship’’, ‘‘economic/financial strain’’, ‘‘economic/financial vulnerability’’ or ‘‘economic/financial deprivation’’. The terms are mainly used without any precise definition of their meaning. Terms like ‘‘hardship’’ and ‘‘strain’’ are usually given no other meaning than that which is apparent from the terms themselves. ‘‘Economic’’ or ‘‘financial stress’’ seems to be used primarily with the implicit reference to stress theory where it has been defined in slightly differing ways
starrin2009 - p. 285
Financial stress refers to the problems that arise when a person is faced with the threat of a shortage of money in combination with a lack of cash reserves and difficulties making ends meet
starrin2009 - p. 285
In the present study, we are focusing on external shame by examining whether an individual has been subjected to shaming in the form of, for example, insult and ridicule.
starrin2009 - p. 286
This study was based upon a survey that was carried out during the period March 2000May 2000 in a mid-Swedish region comprised of 16 municipalities. The sample consisted of 11,900 individuals aged 18–79 and stratified in such a way that 700 individuals were randomly selected in each municipality except for the principal town where 1,400 individuals were included. In the present study only the age group 18–64 was included.
starrin2009 - p. 287
Measures of Psychosocial Ill-Health In this study psychosocial ill-health is used as a generic term for measures of reduced psychological well-being, anxiety and depression. As a measure of reduced psychological well-being the short version of the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg 1972) was used (GHQ 12 items; Cronbach’s a = 0.91). Following Goldberg‘s GHQ scoring method (Goldberg 1972) the response categories were categorized as 0-0-1-1 which gives a total score ranging from 0 to 12. A total score of three and above was categorized as reduced psychological well-being.
starrin2009 - p. 287
Social Background Factors In the survey, gender, age, education, types of household and socio-economic status were used as social background variables.